Exhausted nurses in the Philippines are struggling to care for patients as colleagues contract COVID-19 or quit a profession that was dangerously understaffed even before the pandemic.
“They are tired and burned out,” said nursing director Lourdes Banaga, at a private hospital south of Manila.
“At the start of the pandemic we had almost 200 nurses,” said Banaga, director for nursing services at the Lipa Medix Medical Center in Batangas province. “By September that will reduce to 63.”
The country is enduring a record rise in infections, fueled by the Delta variant, with the health department reporting a nursing shortfall of more than 100,000 – forcing those left to work long hours for little pay on often precarious short-term contracts.
Official figures show 75,000 nurses are working in public and private hospitals but roughly 109,000 more are needed.
The pandemic has exacerbated a pre-existing lack of nurses, said Maristela Abenojar, president of Filipino Nurses United – a situation she describes as “ironic” in one of the world’s biggest exporters of healthcare workers.
The “chronic understaffing” is down to inadequate salaries, she said.
An entry-level nurse in a public hospital can earn P33,575 per month, official data show.
But Abenojar said most were on short-term contracts, earning P22,000 with no benefits such as hazard pay. Meanwhile, those in the private sector were making as little as P8,000.
And many have had enough: About 40 percent of private hospital nurses have resigned since the start of the pandemic, according to the Private Hospitals Association of the Philippines.
More than 5,000 nurses have been given the green light to go abroad this year after a COVID-19 ban was replaced with a cap to ensure enough nurses were available in the Philippines.
It hasn’t worked.
“We can’t get additional nurses, we can’t compel them to apply,” said Jose Rene de Grano of the private hospitals association.
In recent weeks, health workers have protested over unpaid benefits, including a coronavirus special risk allowance. Abenojar said many were still waiting.
President Rodrigo Duterte has asked for patience while the government tries to come up with the money.
“We don’t feel cared for,” said Melbert Reyes of the Philippine Nurses Association.
Many hospitals boosted their bed capacity after a virus surge earlier this year threatened to overwhelm them.
Official data show coronavirus ward and ICU bed occupancy rates at more than 70 percent nationwide.
A public hospital in Binan city, near Manila, turned a car park into a ward.
“Many of our nurses are sick and in quarantine,” medical director Melbril Alonte told AFP.
“We feel exhausted… but we always keep in mind that we have to help our people because… no one else will.”
But due to the nursing shortfall, some facilities – like the Lipa Medix Medical Center – have had to slash their bed capacity, and extend their nurses’ shifts.
Nurse Trixia Bautista said she works up to 15 hours per shift looking after mostly severe COVID-19 patients at a public referral hospital in the capital.
At times, she has cared for as many as 30 patients on her own after nurses on her ward quit or got sick.
“Physically it’s very tiring,” she said. “There’s not enough people to cater to all these patients.”
But there are plenty of qualified nurses, said Abenojar of Filipino Nurses United.
She estimated 200,000 to 250,000 were not working in the sector.
Many healthcare workers enter the profession to try to secure better-paid jobs abroad, but the shortage is not due to overseas migration.
“It’s because nurses have left the profession,” said Yasmin Ortiga, assistant professor of sociology at Singapore Management University, pointing to the dearth of stable jobs and dismal wages.
A proliferation of nursing programs led to an oversupply, with many unable to get a permanent position in a local hospital – necessary to work abroad – and subsequently a drop in enrolments. AFP
Ortiga said: “People realized that if I am unable to leave the country, it’s really not worth being a nurse at home.”